According to Islam (and also Biblical tradition):
Adam (Ādam)
Seth (Shīth) – son of Adam
Enosh (Anūsh)
Kenan (Qīnān)
Mahalalel
Jared (Yārid)
Enoch (Idrīs) – Prophet Methuselah
Lamech
Hazrat Nuh (Noah) – Prophet Sons of Hazrat Nuh:
1.Shem (Sām) – ancestor of Semitic people
2.Ham (Hām) – ancestor of African peoples
3.Japheth (Yāfith) – ancestor of Indo-European peoples
This genealogy is accepted in Islam, Judaism, and Christianity.
(Adam = first human.)
(Nuh = flood prophet Linear genealogy.)
One creation
Hazrat Nuh (Noah) is considered the third major Prophet, appearing after Adam (AS) and Idris (AS) in the chronological timeline. Hazrat Nuh (Noah) is considered the third major Prophet, appearing after Adam (AS) and Idris (AS) in the chronological timeline. , Hazrat Nuh (Noah) is a revered Prophet and Messenger of Allah, considered one of the "Ulul Azm" (prophets of strong resolve) and often cited as the first messenger sent to humanity after Prophet Adam, tasked with calling people away from idol worship to the pure worship of one God (Allah). He preached for 950 years, famously building the Ark to survive the Great Flood after his people rejected his message, and is a significant figure mentioned extensively in the Quran, with the 71st chapter named after him.
Prophet Nuh (Noah) or Other Prophets: Some interpretations suggest that ancient Indian traditions could have been initiated by early prophets, such as Prophet Nuh, whose followers later deviated into idol worship. Others speculate that figures recognized in ancient texts, such as Manu, could potentially correspond to figures like Nuh (Noah) in Islamic tradition.
Before the 1st Century BCE, Hindu traditions featured Swayambhuva Manu as the progenitor of humanity, analogous to the Abrahamic Adam, both representing first humans emerging from chaos, while Hinduism itself is an eternal tradition, not founded by a single person like Adam, with roots in ancient Vedic texts and prehistoric cultures (e.g., Bhimbetka rock paintings ~8000 BCE), predating the textual origins of Abrahamic faiths, though some scholars see parallels suggesting shared roots or cultural exchange, with Manu's story appearing in Puranas featuring themes similar to the Biblical "original sin
Based on historical and textual analysis, comparing Hinduism and the story of Adam (pre-500 AD) involves analyzing two distinct, non-overlapping traditions that originated in different geographical areas.
Hinduism's Origins: Hinduism is considered the world's oldest living religion, evolving from the historical Vedic religion and earlier Indus Valley cultures into a synthesis that took shape between 500 BCE and 300 CE.
The Story of Adam: The narrative of Adam and Eve originates from Abrahamic traditions (Judaism, Christianity), which emerged in the Middle East, generally later than the earliest Vedic traditions.
Textual Comparison: While mainstream Hindu scripture does not feature Adam and Eve, the Bhavishya Purana (a later text) contains a narrative mentioning "Adama" and "Havyavati" (Eve) as being born from Kardama (a sage) and living in a forest, though they are not depicted as the first humans in the way they are in the Bible.
Progenitors in Hinduism: Instead of Adam, Hindu mythology features Manu, considered the first human and the progenitor of humanity, who existed long before the current era
The 2nd Century BCE, saw Hinduism evolving significantly, moving from Vedic traditions into the Early Classical Hinduism phase, marked by the rise of the Epics, Puranas, and devotional (Bhakti) elements, blending with indigenous beliefs under pressures from Buddhism/Jainism, all while Indo-Greek kingdoms in the northwest saw cultural synthesis, with even a Greek ambassador reportedly embracing Vedic principles.
The 3rd century BCE, was a transformative period for Hinduism, seeing the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka promote Buddhism, which spurred Brahman priests to shift focus from Vedic animal sacrifices to domestic rituals, laying groundwork for medieval Hinduism, while Vishnu, Shiva, Brahma gained prominence, and early texts like the Ramayana emerged, alongside advancements in math (Pingala's binary) and architecture (Ashokan caves), showing evolving spiritual and cultural practices amidst political shifts
In the 4th century BCE, what we call Hinduism was
a diverse set of traditions forming from Vedic religion, Shramana movements, and local cults, with the term "Hindu" emerging as a Persian geographical label for people beyond the Indus River, not a religious identity. This era saw the rise of urban centers and early philosophical texts (Upanishads, Epics), alongside evolving worship of local deities like Yakshas and NagAs, setting the stage for Hinduism's classical synthesis in later centuries.
Key Developments in 4th Century BCE India:
Emerging Traditions: The Brahmanical synthesis, incorporating Vedic and Shramana (like early Buddhism/Jainism) ideas, began crystallizing, forming the basis of classical Hinduism.
Sanskrit Literature: The Upanishads (philosophical texts) and the Mahabharata and Ramayana (epics) were composed or compiled, shaping Hindu thought.
Archaeological Evidence: While sparse for ritual structures, this period saw growing urbanism, with evidence of worship for spirits (Yakshas, Nagas) and goddesses (like Lajjā Gaurī) appearing.
Geographical/Cultural Identity: Persians used "Hindu" (from Sanskrit Sindhu for Indus River) to describe people living east of the Indus, a geographical, not religious, term.
Political Context: The late 4th century BCE marked the rise of the Mauryan Empire under Chandragupta Maurya, a significant Indian power.
Before 4300 BC, (or in the early-to-mid 5th millennium BC), the Indian subcontinent was in a phase of developing Neolithic, Chalcolithic (copper age) settlements, leading into the Pre-Harappan/Early Harappan era. This period established the foundational, settled agricultural life that directly preceded the urban Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1300 BCE).
Key developments and context before 4300 BC include:
Settled Farming and Domestication (Pre-4500 BCE): Following the Mesolithic period, people in the region had transitioned to a sedentary life. Key sites like Mehrgarh existed from around 7000 BCE, providing evidence of farming (wheat/barley), herding (sheep/goats), and mud-brick structures long before 4300 BC.
The "Pre-Harappan" Phase: By the 5th millennium BC (around 4500-4000 BCE), localized, early village cultures like Amri and Rehman Dheri began forming. These societies was starting to use copper and developed pottery, laying the groundwork for the later, more advanced urban phase.
Regional Cultural Variations: The period was not a single unified civilization, but rather a collection of regional cultures (e.g., the Hakra Ware culture) that were increasingly connecting through trade, exchanging materials like lapis lazuli.
Beginnings of Belief Systems: While the "Vedic" religion is dated much later (starting around 1500–1900 BCE), the roots of religious practices in India exist in these early farming communities. These likely included animistic beliefs, mother goddess worship, and proto-Shiva figures, which merged with later Indo-Aryan practices to form what is known as Hinduism.
Pre-Vedic Astronomy: Some interpretations of Hindu astronomical texts (e.g., B.G. Tilak's analysis) suggest that early Indian astronomical records, which are foundational to Vedic knowledge, date back to 4000–4300 BC.
Global Context (4th Millennium BC): During this time, Sumerian and Egyptian civilizations were also in their formative or early stages (e.g., the Ubaid period, 5500–3700 BCE, in Mesopotamia).
In essence, the era before 4300 BC was a time of transitioning from nomadic, small-scale farming villages to larger, more organized, and technologically adept, but still rural, pre-urban communities in the Indus region.
The 63rd century before present (c. 43rd century BCE / c. 4300 BCE) falls into the Neolithic/Chalcolithic period of the Indian subcontinent, marking the era of early village cultures, the emergence of the Harappan civilization, and early foundational, "proto-Hindu" elements.
Pre-Indus Valley Civilization: While the mature Indus Valley Civilization is dated to 2600-1900 BCE, precursors to this culture, such as the early farming villages in Mehrgarh and the surrounding regions, were active.
Proto-Hindu/Neolithic Religion: This era featured early farming, herding, and the development of terracotta figurines of women, which are often interpreted as early fertility cult icons, possibly representing a form of Mother Goddess worship
Before 100 AD, Hinduism and the story of Adam represent two distinct, parallel traditions regarding the origin of humanity and religion, with Hinduism (as Vedic tradition) significantly predating the Abrahamic narrative in the Indian subcontinent.
Hinduism (Pre-100 AD): By 100 AD, Hinduism was already an ancient, established tradition (or "Sanatana Dharma") with Vedic roots dating back to roughly 1750–1400 BCE. It had developed complex philosophies, social structures, and pantheons, including Shaivism and Vaishnavism, and was in a formative period following the Vedic era.
- Rajanaka Bhumi Chand
4300 BC- Rajanaka Susharma Chand
1500 BC- Rajanaka Parmanand Chand
330 BCAdditional Info
Fought Sikandar-e-Azam (Alexander the Great)- Rajanaka Indu Chand
1300 AD- Raja Padam-Chand
1170 ADAdditional Info
Aided King PRITHVIRAJ III of Delhi against Muhammad Ghouri- Raja Megh-Chand of Kangra
1390 ADAdditional Info
Fought against Timur (Mongolian ruler of Samarkand)- Raja Hari-Chand
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Raja Hari Chand's family tree can be found in the Additional Info link.
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- Raja Pratab-Chand
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Founder of Bhimbar
- Raja Chib Chand
1427 AD
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The eighth generation of Raja Pratap Chand and the seventh generation of Raja Chib Chand- Raja Shadab Khan [aka. Hazrat Baba Shadi Shaeed]
(Previously - Raja Dharam Chand)
1468 - 1563 ADAdditional Info
He was the first in the Chib Dynasty to convert to Islam. He was granted the title of Maharaja by the Mughal Emperor Akbar. He was also married to the niece of Emperor Humayun.
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- Raja Mal Khan
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After the death of Raja Shadab Khan, Emperor Akbar divided the villages held by Raja Shadab between his sons, and Raja Mal Khan gained hold of a territory which consisted of 150 villages.
Raja Mal Khan shifted from Bhimber capital and founded new place near sumhani called as CHAK RAI BAHADUR- Raja Ali Ghyas Khan
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Raja Ali Ghyas Khan became the next Rai and received the TALUQDARI of 84 villages from his descendents shifted to the new place known as THUTHA RAI BAHADUR. Now the present RAI of THUTHA RAI BAHADUR is Col Raja Parvez Masood Akhtar - Raja Jaisak Khan
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Raja Jaisak Khan received the SARDARI of 22 villages and the Title of Khan Sahab These villages were Panjairee, Kalari, Sahailer, Khadura, Toneen Rajani, Pind Rehman Pur, Pind Aziz, Ghazi Gorha, Bhalwal Bala, Bhalwal Zeereen and Baowlee. - Raja Tahwar Khan
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Raja Tahwar Khan reveived the SAQRDARI of 22 villages and the Title of KHAN SHAB. These villages were Dora, Pir Khan, Sheikh Pur, Bakohal Chibban, Thal, Daak, Khal Khan Pur, Samli, Malik Pur, Seerla and Chowkee Bandi. - Raja Darbar Khan
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Raja Darbar Khan received the SARDARI of 22 villages and the title of KHAN SAHAB. These villages includes Khambi, Qaleejpur, Puran, Belaspur, Khanpur, Dhangrotr, Kasteela, Mohri, Bahrote, Sadwaal etc...- Raja Kisan Khan
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- Raja Muhammed Sarfaraz Khan
1905 - 1968Additional Info
He started his political career in 1929, when he became an unopposed member of the Punjab Legislative Council from Jehllum rural (Chakwal) constituency.
In 1937, he was elected as an M.L.A as a member of Unionist party. In 1942, he joined the All India Muslim League, which gave a big boost to the Pakistan Movement in the area.
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